Theorist Andrew Higson(1998) writes ' Identity is generally understood to be the shared identity of naturalised inhabitants of a particular political geographic space- this can be a particular nation or region'
Benedict Anderson (1983) maintains that the media play a vital role in constructing a national/ regional idetnity as in reality the nation is too big for everyone to know each other yet they often have shared values; ' The unification of people in the modern world is achieved not by military but by cultural means. In particular the media system enables people( of a nation or region) to feel part of a coherent , meaningful and homogenous community.
Higson' stereotyping is a form of shorthand... a way of establishing a character... that often reducing the character to the most basic form so that the stereotype often becomes comic (higson 1998)
Higson' no wonder then that a particular characterisation may be criticised for being stereotypical meaning it lack sa realistic dimension it fails to match up to the reality of identity'
Colloquial Dialect:
(of language) used in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary.
Thursday, 24 November 2016
Regional Identity
Theorist Andrew Higson(1998) writes ' Identity is generally understood to be the shared identity of naturalised inhabitants of a particular political geographic space- this can be a particular nation or region'
Benedict Anderson (1983) maintains that the media play a vital role in constructing a national/ regional idetnity as in reality the nation is too big for everyone to know each other yet they often have shared values; ' The unification of people in the modern world is achieved not by military but by cultural means. In particular the media system enables people( of a nation or region) to feel part of a coherent , meaningful and homogenous community.
Higson' stereotyping is a form of shorthand... a way of establishing a character... that often reducing the character to the most basic form so that the stereotype often becomes comic (higson 1998)
Higson' no wonder then that a particular characterisation may be criticised for being stereotypical meaning it lack sa realistic dimension it fails to match up to the reality of identity'
Brummie
London
Cornish
Benedict Anderson (1983) maintains that the media play a vital role in constructing a national/ regional idetnity as in reality the nation is too big for everyone to know each other yet they often have shared values; ' The unification of people in the modern world is achieved not by military but by cultural means. In particular the media system enables people( of a nation or region) to feel part of a coherent , meaningful and homogenous community.
Higson' stereotyping is a form of shorthand... a way of establishing a character... that often reducing the character to the most basic form so that the stereotype often becomes comic (higson 1998)
Higson' no wonder then that a particular characterisation may be criticised for being stereotypical meaning it lack sa realistic dimension it fails to match up to the reality of identity'
Brummie
London
Cornish
Tuesday, 22 November 2016
Class
This is a promotional poster of a tv show that shows a 21st century.
The poster is very colourful which implies that they are more of a trashy family other than a upper class. The way they are acting in the poster is not sensible as they are standing next to a exploded water thing. They do however look like they are having fun.
Connotations:
Denotations:
This poster shows a very neat and tidy family and their butlers which shows there upper class. Another thing showing there upper class is the mansion in the background.
Richard Butsch (1992) who says working class males in the media are presented as; "Incompetent and ineffectual, often a buffoon, well-intentioned but dumb. In almost all working-class series, the male is flawed, some more than others...he fails in his role as a father and husband, is lovable but not respected." Medhurst's 1998 theory; "They are awful because they are not like us,"
Keith Gandal's, in 2007 he said that target audiences are drawn in by the; "Sentimental rags-to-riches story,"
Shameless Essay:
In this 2 min clip, i will be analyasing the class of what is shown. The main theorist for class is 'Butsch', 'Medhurst' who's covers all theories and 'Gandal'.
In the opening, we are shown establishing shots of high rise flats which show a lower class. We are also shown a birds eye view of council houses, which makes us look down on the houses and the people. When off the buildings, it shows the narrator speaking about him self. The way he looks to me is quite scruffy with the short beard and the messy long hair. The character agrees with Butsch's argument as he in the next scene is beaten up with an un branded loaf of bread.
When running away from the dad, you see there garden. It is not a pretty looking garden as it has rubbish everywhere. The camera is also looking down on the garden showing us the lower class of the people.
The phrase 'Gob Shite' is one not used to the higher classes but the lower. The accent of the dad is stereotyped to be a of the lower class's. It is set in manchester which has a stereotype is loud, rude and fond of fighting.
Thursday, 10 November 2016
Disability Representations
Walter White Jr ( Breaking Bad)
Bran (Game of Thrones) But he has special powers.
Stevie (Malcolm in the Middle) Geek
John Locke (Lost) He has powers to talk to the island
Artie Abrams (Glee)
Jessica Evans (1998) drawing on the works of freud and other psychoanalysis, states:
" Disable people are seen as childish dependant and underdeveloped and are regarding as 'other' and are punished by being excluded from ordinary life. Thus popular images and rhetoric of disabled people abound which comfort us with people who are imperfect, helpless, un attractive, disgusting,shitty, dribbling" (Evans 1998)
As Cumberbatch and Neurone(1992), Barnes (1992) and Longmore (1987) point out studies of the resprentations show that disabled people are screened out of television fiction or else occur in a limited number of roles.
As Jordanova stated in 1989
"The idea of otherness is complicated, but certain themes are common:the treatment of others as more like an object, something to be managed and possessed and as dangerous, wild, threatening. At the same time, the other becomes an entity whose very separateness inspires curiosity, invites inquiring knowledge,"
Medhurst argued in terms of power relations and the constructions of stereotypes; "they are awful because they are not like us (Medhurst) 1997
It is seriously worth noting that the theory concerning disability can be applied to the elderly with case. According to Evans(1998)
"Old people in our culture are also segregated and treated as though they are waiting to die. There are close associations between dependency, illness, dying and death. It seems that increasingly in our culture there are pressures that encourage a reversion to infantile feelings which have to be madly defended against"
Call Girl :
At the start of the clip we see the call girl just about to open the door. We see her wearing a We also hear non diegetic music. It is a medium long shot from behind. When the door is open, the camera tilts down towards the disabled character. The non diegetic turns off when we see the disabled teen. This makes me think that the music was sexualising the female. This makes us look down on him because we are more superior than them according to ( Medhurst ). The mise-en-scene in this clip shows the facial expressions of the three characters. Upon opening the door, we see when seeing the dad, she has a shocked expression. His face
When the camera is finished looking at the boy, it then moves up the dad to then show the power the dad has over his son. When the boy says its his father, the women has an awkward tone in her voice. This makes the whole situation awkward.
When the dad goes to the car, we see that he is awkward about the situation when he can't stop fiddling with stuff in his car. Such as the radio which produces a diegetic sound. He also moves his chair because cant stuck fidgeting about the situation. The fathers actions in the scene: taking him to the call girl, helping him onto the bed, getting the money for him and the kiss on the head because he goes supports Evans theory. That the disabled is 'childish dependant' and 'disabled people abound which comfort us with people who are imperfect, helpless'
We see camera shots of the call girl, the disabled boy and then the father. This is parallel editing which is an effective way in make the awkwardness of the father come to the audience. With this we also see a lot of medium and normal close ups of their faces. This shows us the expressions more clearly on what the characters are feeling about the situation.
To conclude, I think the main theory for disability shown is Evans, that they are child like and depend on offers to help them. They shown us the situation in many different camera shots and movements which makes the whole scene awkward.
Bran (Game of Thrones) But he has special powers.
Stevie (Malcolm in the Middle) Geek
John Locke (Lost) He has powers to talk to the island
Artie Abrams (Glee)
Jessica Evans (1998) drawing on the works of freud and other psychoanalysis, states:
" Disable people are seen as childish dependant and underdeveloped and are regarding as 'other' and are punished by being excluded from ordinary life. Thus popular images and rhetoric of disabled people abound which comfort us with people who are imperfect, helpless, un attractive, disgusting,shitty, dribbling" (Evans 1998)
As Cumberbatch and Neurone(1992), Barnes (1992) and Longmore (1987) point out studies of the resprentations show that disabled people are screened out of television fiction or else occur in a limited number of roles.
As Jordanova stated in 1989
"The idea of otherness is complicated, but certain themes are common:the treatment of others as more like an object, something to be managed and possessed and as dangerous, wild, threatening. At the same time, the other becomes an entity whose very separateness inspires curiosity, invites inquiring knowledge,"
Medhurst argued in terms of power relations and the constructions of stereotypes; "they are awful because they are not like us (Medhurst) 1997
It is seriously worth noting that the theory concerning disability can be applied to the elderly with case. According to Evans(1998)
"Old people in our culture are also segregated and treated as though they are waiting to die. There are close associations between dependency, illness, dying and death. It seems that increasingly in our culture there are pressures that encourage a reversion to infantile feelings which have to be madly defended against"
Call Girl :
At the start of the clip we see the call girl just about to open the door. We see her wearing a We also hear non diegetic music. It is a medium long shot from behind. When the door is open, the camera tilts down towards the disabled character. The non diegetic turns off when we see the disabled teen. This makes me think that the music was sexualising the female. This makes us look down on him because we are more superior than them according to ( Medhurst ). The mise-en-scene in this clip shows the facial expressions of the three characters. Upon opening the door, we see when seeing the dad, she has a shocked expression. His faceWhen the camera is finished looking at the boy, it then moves up the dad to then show the power the dad has over his son. When the boy says its his father, the women has an awkward tone in her voice. This makes the whole situation awkward.
When the dad goes to the car, we see that he is awkward about the situation when he can't stop fiddling with stuff in his car. Such as the radio which produces a diegetic sound. He also moves his chair because cant stuck fidgeting about the situation. The fathers actions in the scene: taking him to the call girl, helping him onto the bed, getting the money for him and the kiss on the head because he goes supports Evans theory. That the disabled is 'childish dependant' and 'disabled people abound which comfort us with people who are imperfect, helpless'
We see camera shots of the call girl, the disabled boy and then the father. This is parallel editing which is an effective way in make the awkwardness of the father come to the audience. With this we also see a lot of medium and normal close ups of their faces. This shows us the expressions more clearly on what the characters are feeling about the situation.
To conclude, I think the main theory for disability shown is Evans, that they are child like and depend on offers to help them. They shown us the situation in many different camera shots and movements which makes the whole scene awkward.
Thursday, 3 November 2016
Skins Essay
We then hear the diegetic sound of his alarm, however he is up before his alarm. This doesn't fit the stereotype of a teen because this isn't being lazy. When rising out of bed, we here diegetic music of hip hop. Which is a stereotype of Stanley Hall 1904 argument. He also poses in his mirror which stereotypes that he is hard nut.
The next significant scene is when he plays his music loud for his sister allowing her to enter the house. He wanted his father to come in and shout at him which is quite rebellious agreeing with Stanley Hall argument. However once the loud music stops he opens his draws to neatly folded t-shirts which disagrees with the typical teenage.
Tonys smoothness with the situation signifies that he has done all of this before.
When he is on the toilet, we see that he is reading a booked called 'nausea' which means he disagrees again with Stanley Halls Argument because it is a classic which wouldn't normally be put together with a teenager. Once beginning to think about leaving out the window, we see countless close ups of jobs that he is doing which stalls the time he leaves meaning his dad has to wait longer to go to the toilet.
Once out the window, we see the movement 1-2 from Tony to the neighbour. They are being very flirtatious towards each other. Still the camera shakes when its from Tonys POV but from the neighbours it still.
YOUNG PEOPLE STEREOTYPES
School Failure
In 1904 Stanley Hall wrote Adolescence in 2 volumes in 1904, in this text he puts forward a theory known as the ‘Storm & Stress Model’, “ Adolescence is inherently a time of storm & stress when all young people go through some degree of emotional and behavioural upheaval, before establishing a more stable equilibrium at adulthood." Hall also argued that:
1. The common mood of teenagers is a state of depression.
2. Criminal activity increases between the ages of 12 & 24.
3. Young people are extreme and need excitement; “Youth must have excitement and if this is not at hand in the form of moral intellectual enthusiasms it is more prone to be sought in; sex, drink or drugs.”
However, Osgerby goes onto argue that; “The portrayal of youth is not entirely pessimistic,” he argues that “Mixed metaphors” appear when analysing the representation of youth. He claims; “Dual stereotyping of youth,” creates these mixed metaphors that Dick Hebdige (1988) termed; “Youth as fun,” and “Youth as trouble maker.”
Violent
Drugs
Alcoholic
Sex Addicts
Pregnant
Drop Outs
Hang around in groups (Thugs)
In 1904 Stanley Hall wrote Adolescence in 2 volumes in 1904, in this text he puts forward a theory known as the ‘Storm & Stress Model’, “ Adolescence is inherently a time of storm & stress when all young people go through some degree of emotional and behavioural upheaval, before establishing a more stable equilibrium at adulthood." Hall also argued that:
1. The common mood of teenagers is a state of depression.
2. Criminal activity increases between the ages of 12 & 24.
3. Young people are extreme and need excitement; “Youth must have excitement and if this is not at hand in the form of moral intellectual enthusiasms it is more prone to be sought in; sex, drink or drugs.”
However, Osgerby goes onto argue that; “The portrayal of youth is not entirely pessimistic,” he argues that “Mixed metaphors” appear when analysing the representation of youth. He claims; “Dual stereotyping of youth,” creates these mixed metaphors that Dick Hebdige (1988) termed; “Youth as fun,” and “Youth as trouble maker.”
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